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sky clearly showing solar Fraunhofer lines and atmospheric water absorption band.
Diffuse sky radiation is solar radiation reaching the
Earth's surface after having been
scattering from the direct solar beam by molecules or suspensoids in the Earth's atmosphere. It is also called
skylight,
diffuse skylight, or
sky radiation. Of the total
light removed from the direct solar beam by scattering in the atmosphere (approximately 25 percent of the incident radiation), about two-thirds ultimately reaches the earth as diffuse
sky radiation.
The important processes in the atmosphere (Rayleigh scattering and Mie theory) are elastic scattering. No energy transformation results, only a change in the spatial distribution of the radiation.
Color
The sky appears blue because
air scatters short-
wavelength light more than longer wavelengths. When we look toward a part of the sky not near the sun, the blue color we see is blue light waves scattered down toward us from the white sunlight passing through the air overhead. Near
sunrise and
sunset, most of the light we see comes in nearly tangent to the Earth's surface, so that the light's path through the atmosphere is so long that much of the blue and even yellow light is scattered out, leaving the sun rays and the clouds it illuminates red.
Scattering and absorption are major causes of the attenuation of radiation by the atmosphere. Scattering varies as a function of the ratio of the particle diameter to the wavelength of the radiation. When this ratio is less than about one-tenth,
Rayleigh scattering occurs in which the scattering coefficient varies inversely as the fourth power of the wavelength. At larger values of the ratio of particle diameter to wavelength, the scattering varies in a complex fashion described, for spherical particles, by the
Mie theory; at a ratio of the order of 10, the laws of geometric optics begin to apply.
Some of the false beliefs of why the sky is blue are that the sky reflects off the ocean and that the light scatters off dust in the air. These two theories cannot be true, as the sky in Kansas has the same hue as the sky over the middle of the Pacific Ocean.
Neutral points
There are three commonly detectable points of zero
polarization of diffuse sky radiation (known as neutral points) lying along the
vertical circle through the sun.
- The Arago point, named after its discoverer, is customarily located at about 20° above the antisolar point; but it lies at higher altitudes in turbid air. The latter property makes the Arago distance a useful measure of atmospheric turbidity.
- The Babinet point, discovered by Babinet in 1840, is located about 15° to 20° above the sun, hence it is difficult to observe because of solar glare.
- The Brewster point, discovered by Brewster in 1840, is located about 15° to 20° below the sun; hence it is difficult to observe because of solar glare.
Under an overcast sky
There is essentially no direct sunlight under an overcast sky, so all light is then diffuse sky radiation. The flux of light is not very wavelength dependent because the cloud droplets are larger than the light's wavelength and scatter all colors approximately equally. The light passes through the translucent clouds in a manner similar to frosted glass. The intensity ranges (roughly) from 1/6 of direct sunlight for relatively thin clouds down to 1/1000 of direct sunlight under the extreme of thickest storm clouds.
See also
External links
- Why is the sky blue?
- Why is the sky blue?
- Why is the sky blue? Science made simple
- Blue Sky and Rayleigh Scattering
Books
sky clearly showing solar
Fraunhofer lines and atmospheric water absorption band.
Diffuse sky radiation is
solar radiation reaching the
Earth's surface after having been
scattering from the direct solar beam by
molecules or suspensoids in the
Earth's atmosphere. It is also called
skylight,
diffuse skylight, or
sky radiation. Of the total light removed from the direct solar beam by scattering in the atmosphere (approximately 25 percent of the incident radiation), about two-thirds ultimately reaches the earth as diffuse sky radiation.
The important processes in the atmosphere (Rayleigh scattering and
Mie theory) are elastic scattering. No energy transformation results, only a change in the spatial distribution of the radiation.
Color
The sky appears blue because
air scatters short-
wavelength light more than longer wavelengths. When we look toward a part of the sky not near the sun, the blue color we see is blue light waves scattered down toward us from the white sunlight passing through the air overhead. Near
sunrise and
sunset, most of the light we see comes in nearly tangent to the Earth's surface, so that the light's path through the atmosphere is so long that much of the blue and even yellow light is scattered out, leaving the sun rays and the clouds it illuminates red.
Scattering and absorption are major causes of the attenuation of radiation by the atmosphere. Scattering varies as a function of the ratio of the particle diameter to the wavelength of the radiation. When this ratio is less than about one-tenth,
Rayleigh scattering occurs in which the scattering coefficient varies inversely as the fourth power of the wavelength. At larger values of the ratio of particle diameter to wavelength, the scattering varies in a complex fashion described, for spherical particles, by the Mie theory; at a ratio of the order of 10, the laws of
geometric optics begin to apply.
Some of the false beliefs of why the sky is blue are that the sky reflects off the ocean and that the light scatters off dust in the air. These two theories cannot be true, as the sky in Kansas has the same hue as the sky over the middle of the Pacific Ocean.
Neutral points
There are three commonly detectable points of zero
polarization of diffuse sky radiation (known as neutral points) lying along the
vertical circle through the sun.
- The Arago point, named after its discoverer, is customarily located at about 20° above the antisolar point; but it lies at higher altitudes in turbid air. The latter property makes the Arago distance a useful measure of atmospheric turbidity.
- The Babinet point, discovered by Babinet in 1840, is located about 15° to 20° above the sun, hence it is difficult to observe because of solar glare.
- The Brewster point, discovered by Brewster in 1840, is located about 15° to 20° below the sun; hence it is difficult to observe because of solar glare.
Under an overcast sky
There is essentially no direct sunlight under an overcast sky, so all light is then diffuse sky radiation. The flux of light is not very wavelength dependent because the cloud droplets are larger than the light's wavelength and scatter all colors approximately equally. The light passes through the translucent clouds in a manner similar to frosted glass. The intensity ranges (roughly) from 1/6 of direct sunlight for relatively thin clouds down to 1/1000 of direct sunlight under the extreme of thickest storm clouds.
See also
External links
- Why is the sky blue?
- Why is the sky blue?
- Why is the sky blue? Science made simple
- Blue Sky and Rayleigh Scattering
Books
Diffuse sky radiation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Diffuse sky radiation is solar radiation reaching the Earth 's surface after having been scattered from the direct solar beam by molecules or suspensoids in the atmosphere.
INEX: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Diffuse sky radiation)
Table of Contents. 1 Neutral points; Diffuse sky radiation is solar radiation reaching the earth's surface after having been scattered from the direct solar beam by molecules or ...
sky sunset clouds free pictures, uv sky filter
free pictures sky sunset clouds, uv sky filter ... The color of the sky is a result of diffuse sky radiation. On a sunny day the Earth sky usually looks as a blue gradient - dark ...
AMS Glossary
FW4 Generic HTML ... diffuse sky radiation —Solar radiation that is scattered at least once before it reaches the surface.
Diffuse sky radiation - Condensed Wikipedia index
Diffuse sky radiation - Condensed Wikipedia index
diffuse sky radiation: Definition and Much More from Answers.com
diffuse sky radiation ( də¦fyüs ¦skī ′rādē′āshən ) ( astrophysics ) Solar radiation reaching the earth's surface after having been
Sky - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Air; Diffuse sky radiation — Why the sky is blue. Sky brightness; Skygazing [edit] References ^ Tyndall, John (December 1868). "On the Blue Colour of the Sky, the Polarization of Skylight ...
A comparison between modeled and measured clear-sky radiative ...
A comparison between modeled and measured clear-sky radiative shortwave fluxes in Arctic environments, with special emphasis on diffuse radiation
Solar Radiation Data Manual for Buildings
If incident isotropic diffuse sky radiation is integrated over all angles, it has been shown to have an effective incidence angle of approximately 60 degrees for vertical and ...
diffuse waxy spleen - definition of diffuse waxy spleen in the Medical ...
diffuse waxy spleen. n. Amyloid degeneration of the spleen, affecting chiefly the ... Diffuse sky radiation: Diffuse skylight diffuse toxic goiter diffuse toxic goiter
